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Biomechanical Frame of Reference for Positioning Children for Function

The Biomechanical Frame of Reference for Positioning Children for Function is a Frame of Reference theory.  The goals of this theory are to increase the development of postural reactions and to improve functional performance.  The focus is on static positions rather than transitional movements.  The theory may be used with children or adolescents with physical disabilities.  Individuals with a musculoskeletal or neuromuscular dysfunction who are unable to maintain posture are the specific target population.  The theory measures function and dysfunction in the areas of range of motion, head control, trunk control, control of arm movement, mobility, and positions related to activities of daily living (toileting, self-feeding).  The components of postural dysfunction are measured for intervention.  Areas of assessment include range of motion against gravity, right reactions of the head and trunk, hand positioning, and mobilization of limbs.  Assistive devices may be prescribed to enhance postural stability and posture while performing functional activities.  Key terms included in this theory include postural reactions, neuromuscular and musculoskeletal dysfunction, and intervention planning.  Postural reactions are the early motor reactions of children (primitive reflexes).  Neuromuscular and musculoskeletal dysfunction are any problems with the musculature and nerves.  Intervention planning is what is done in relation to the problem area.  It includes what is to be done to improve functioning.

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